The Role of International Law in Global Relations
International law is the fundamental pillar that regulates relationships between states, international organizations, and individuals. Based on treaties, custom, and general principles, its purpose is to ensure global cooperation and human rights protection. The Main Sources of International Law According to Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice, the main sources […]
The Principle of Ius Cogens and Its Impact on International Law
The concept of ius cogens represents a set of peremptory norms in international law that cannot be derogated by any treaty or agreement. These rules hold superior status and are binding on all states. Characteristics of Ius Cogens Norms Examples of Ius Cogens Norms Legal Effects of Ius Cogens If a treaty violates a ius […]
International Treaties and Conventions: Tools for State Cooperation
International treaties are binding legal instruments that regulate relationships between states and international organizations. They are fundamental for international cooperation, conflict resolution, and human rights protection. What Are International Treaties? A treaty is a written agreement between states governed by international law. It can have various names, including conventions, protocols, agreements, pacts, and declarations. Main […]
Criminal Defense in China: Challenges and Opportunities for Italian Citizens
Criminal defense in China is a critical concern for Italian and foreign citizens facing legal issues in a system vastly different from European frameworks. The complexity of Chinese laws, combined with the rigidity of its criminal procedures, makes it essential to have legal assistance from professionals specialized in international law with direct experience in China. […]
Drug Production and Trafficking: What Article 73 of D.P.R. 309/90 Says
In Italy, the production and trafficking of narcotics are criminal offenses governed by Article 73 of D.P.R. 309/90, which imposes strict penalties on those involved in such activities without proper authorization. This article provides an overview of the legal implications of these crimes, including exceptions for personal use. What Article 73 Entails: From Cultivation to […]
Jurisprudence on Large Quantities of Narcotics: A Detailed Analysis
The General Regulatory Framework of Article 80 TU 309/90 Article 80, paragraph 2, of the Consolidated Law on Narcotic Drugs (DPR 309/1990) increases penalties for those involved in crimes related to large quantities of narcotic or psychotropic substances. Specifically, penalties are increased by half to two-thirds when significant quantities are involved, and can reach 30 […]
The Regulation of Drug Production and Trafficking: Analysis of Article 73 TU 309/90
Article 73 of the Consolidated Law on Narcotic Drugs (TU 309/90) provides a detailed framework governing the production, trafficking, and management of narcotic and psychotropic substances. This law plays a central role in combating illegal drug activities by imposing strict sanctions on those who violate its provisions. In this article, we’ll examine the key aspects […]
The Rise of Marijuana Production in Albania: Legal Implications and Organized Crime
A recent joint operation between Italian and Albanian authorities led to the arrest of 37 individuals and the seizure of approximately four million euros, highlighting the growing issue of marijuana production in Albania. Despite Prime Minister Edi Rama’s denial of increased cultivation, collected data suggests otherwise. The surge in cannabis production is strengthening criminal groups, […]
Overcoming Extradition for the Pursuit of Serious Crimes
November 28, 2000, marks a historic date for judicial cooperation between Italy and Spain. On this day, a bilateral treaty was signed in Rome, representing a significant step forward in the fight against serious crimes, such as terrorism, organized crime, and drug trafficking. This agreement revolutionizes the traditional approach to extradition, laying the foundation for […]
Drug Trafficking in Spain: The Current Situation in Barcelona and Valencia
Introduction The phenomenon of drug trafficking in Spain, particularly in the cities of Barcelona and Valencia, continues to pose a significant challenge for local and national authorities. This article explores the current situation, highlighting recent developments, law enforcement responses, and the legal implications for those involved in illicit activities. The Growing Concern Over Drug Trafficking […]